The socio-economic changes during urbanization process in Yen So ward, Hoang Mai district, Ha Noi

during the urbanization process in Yên Sir Ward and the study object includes the local people communitN in Yên Sơ Ward. 3.2. Scope o f the study The study covers socio-economic changes in Yên Sở Ward. I loans’ Mai District. Hanoi during the urbanization process from 2000 to 2010. 4. Theoretic grounds, materials and study method 4 .1. Theoretic grounds The thesis is based on the dialectical material methodology on the socio­ economic development o f Vietnam and industrialization and modernization process. In addition, the thesis also applies some fundamental theories o f Sociology on social structure, social changes and social movements. The analyses are made based on the viewpoints o f urban sociology, urban theory and urbanization theories. 4.2. Sources o f materials The thesis explores and uses the following material sources: 1- Letters, reports, papers, statistic tables and date from the Ward and District. 2- Geological survey documents Using the countryside method and sociology survey by a questionnaire (200 sheets), we concentrate on the survey o f some o f the most important issues to the study topic: - Labor and job situation o f all the members o f all farmer households. - Changes in economic activities o f the farmers during the urbanization process due to their land selling or withdrawal by the State and then transference into another use or the termination o f use the land for agriculture by the farmers themselves. - Poorer environmental hygiene conditions and their effects on the life activities and agriculture activities o f the local people. - Changes in social environment, neighbor relationship o f the local people. 3 - Chances in cultural life o f the local people due to the direct effects o f the urbanization process on some typical faith activities such as worshipping the temples and pagodas, etc and the use o f free time as well as entertainment activities o f the local people. 3- Relevant studies and researches o f the preceding authours A mo ng 3 aforesaid material sources, source 1 and 2 play an important role. 4.3. Study m ethod Based on study object and topic, the thesis applies the viewpoints and approach method o f inter-sectors and multi-sectors. The geographical, ecological and geological knowledge are used to study and evaluate the natural conditions. The scientific and social knowledge such as history, ethnology, culture, economy and sociology help the study on inhabitant origin, structure o f economic sectors and so on so forth. Besides, the thesis also applies the following methods: Inheritance method: Based on the available studies and researches on economic-cultural-social changes in the suburbs o f Hanoi during the urbanization process, the study on Yên Sở Ward itself includes much information related to theoretical grounds, economy, culture and society. Learning and inheritance from the previous studies is the first method to be carried out. Method o f data summary'', statistics and analysis: After having collected the available studies and researches related to the thesis and the data, papers, statistics figures related to economy- society in Yên Sở Ward, we have summarized all the material sources related to the thesis topic, analyzed and processed all the socio­ economic data. Method o f sociology survey: In order to collect the geological data, we have made a survey on the study area and prepared a questionnaire on e co no m\ -so ci et y and a profound interview with the managers and local residents. The historic and logic methods are also applied together during the study process. Those methods support the acknowledgement, evaluation and explanation o f objects and ph en om en a on a prof ound historic viewpoint. 4 5. Scientific hypothesis At Yên Sơ Ward, during the high-speed urbanization process the system of old relations has been ch anced along with the formation of new social ones. 1- There has been a rapid change in economic structure. The chanue in purposes o f land use has created conditions and opportunities for the local people to become the urban hut raised the challenges on new jobs. A considerable majority of local labor with low educational and professional background mainly works in informal industrial sectors and small commercial and service sectors. 2- The liv ing style o f the local residents here is now changing to urban stvle w hich is possibly seen through the rapid transformation o f social space, hi eh flexibility o f occupation; increasing development o f personal and private living space parallel with continued narrowing o f community and collective social relations; development o f infrastructure in general along with the overloading o f infrastructure at some areas with suddenly increasing population; wider and richer opportunities to select different wa ys o f working and entertainment. 6. Contributions o f the thesis 6.1. Based on the abundant material sources, the thesis has drawn a systematic and complete economic- social picture o f Yên Sở Ward and also analyzed and pointed out main economic- social changes in the Ward during the urbanization process from 2000 to 2010. 6.2. Applying the inter-sector approach method and from the profound study o f socio-economic changes o f a particular ward, the thesis has made some comments on the features and experiences and proposed the economic- social development orientation o f Yên Sờ Ward. The thesis may be come an useful reference to the ma nag em en t and organization leaders o f Yên Sờ Ward to revise and orient the urbanization process and resolve the social issues which are and will be about to take place. Also, the thesis can be used as a reference for the people who are interested in the studying and teaching on this issue. 7. Structure o f the thesis 5 Introduction C hapter Ỉ: Theoretical grounds for the stu d y on socio-econom ic changes during the urbanization process and general introduction o f Yên S ơ W ard C hapter 2: The econom ic changes in Yen S ơ W ard during the urbanization process from 2000 to 2010 C hapter 3: The cultural-social changes urbanization process from 2000 to 2010 c ''one Ius ion and recom m endations 6 in Yên S ơ W ard d u rin g the CHAPTER 1 T H E O R E T I C A L G R O U N D S FOR T H E ST U D Y ON S O C I O -E C O N O M I C C H A N G E S DUR ING THE U R B A N I Z AT I O N P R O C E S S A N D G E N E R A L IN T R O D U C T IO N ON YEN s o W A R D 1.1. Theoretical grounds for the study on socio-economic changes during the urbanization process /././. Urban All the urban concepts are relative and origin from the differences in the economic- social development level, cultural features and population system, Each country in the world has it own regulations based on its requirements and capacity o f management. On the consideration within the most general aspect, urban is a habitation space o f a people community living together and performing within nonacricultural sectors. Vietnamese language has many words demonstrating an urban such as: city, town, small town, urban... and the concepts and criteria to determine an urban are different at different times. Sociology considers an urban as an existence form o f the society within a particular space area and a habitation form o f humankind. The existence o f urban itself is totally different from a construction o f many separate buildings together; in other words, the composite here is not simply a combination o f different components. Instead, an urban is a separate living body with its own style. From the viewpoint o f socio-economic management, an urban is a highdensity population area, mostly non-agricultural labor, with proper infrastructure, is a collective or specialized center playing the role to promo te the socio-economy o f the whole country, a territorial region, a province, a rural district or a part o f province and rural district. From the viewpoints above and in the current conditions, the common concept o f urban is understood as follows: An urban is the habitation space o f 7 I Ì humankind in which the inhabitants Gather with hieh-densitv and the labor mainly works in non-agricultural sectors, the infrastructure, eeonomv and society develop and play the role o f enhancing the socio-economic development o f a particular territory. This concept aims at emphasizing 2 sides including social and economic development o f an urban: Socially, an urban is a habitation form in which there is a hiah-density o f population, high living standard, more convenient facilities and progressive legal institution and the urban space includes space o f architecture, technical infrastructure and environment... Economically, the production activates mainly cover industrial and service ones. In order to achieve the socio-economic development, an urban needs to have an advanced technical infrastructure system. Thanks to the socio-economic development, an urban contributes to accelerate the economy and society o f a region or the whole country. Thus, urban, it density, once mentioning an is necessary to refer to its main components such as scale, population socio-economic development, labor type and modernity of the infrastructure and role o f an urban in the region or the whole country [ 14. p. 13] In conclusion, an urban , regardless of big or sm all scale, is sim ultan eo usly: - An object space containing construction works technical infrastructure s y s t e m . .. - A strong economic space - A cultural-social space with dominance in material, mental and spiritual life o f the community combined with each other a c o m m o n living style New urban areas in Vietnam has been established under 3 main form s 1) New urban areas from the areas not vet urban: 2) New urban areas closely connected with the existing ones; 3) Urbans developing traditionally which are based on the socio-economic development o f the population areas [50. p.29], Features o f urban living style: 8