Sustainable development of marine economy in Halong city = Phát triển bền vững kinh tế biển thành phố Hạ Long

by the authors of Phan Hong Dung, Do Thanh Van, Hoang Thi Ngoc Ha; especially in the “Proceedings of the scientific - practical conference: the value of diversity represents a world natural heritage Halong Bay” (2007) full set of articles in the workshop on diversified value the world''s natural heritage Ha Long Bay on issues of conservation and promotion of cultural values. Typical values varied natural heritage of Ha Long Bay. - Tourism and the scenic landscape of Ha Long: Articles, researches in this area is quite diversified. Particularly prominent in the field of tourism with the works: “Halong Bay Travel Handbook” (2010) by Pham Hoang Hai; “Comprehensive mining landscape of Halong Bay tourism” by Nguyen Thu Hanh in Vietnam travel Magazine, No. 10, 2004; “Preserve and exploit the cultural values of Halong Bay” - Nguyen Cong Thai; PhD thesis geographical of “Evaluating natural potential for tourism development sustainable coastal and island areas of Quang Ninh province” (2012) by Vu Thi Hanh - Hanoi University of Education. This is an overall assessment of the natural potential for sustainable development of tourism in coastal areas and islands of Quang Ninh province, including Ha Long Bay area. Besides being a system of research material on the scenic landscape of Ha Long: The “Ha Long” (1989) of the authors To Binh Minh, Nguyen Cao Dam, Nguyen Manh Dan introduction to the land and the scenic Ha Long; “Ha Long Bay” (2003) of Thy Sanh; “Landscape architecture Ha Long” (2004) by Nguyen Thang Vu (ed.); “Halong Bay” (2006) the authors Nguyen Hanh, Tran Thi Thanh Nguyen, Nguyen Duy Linh; “Cua Van floating cultural center characteristics of Halong Bay” of authors Ngoc Can, Van Hoc - Literature published in the Journal of cultural Heritage, No. 8, 2004. The content of posts surrounding the issue of material and spiritual life of fishermen at Cua Van region. Besides, this article also analyzes the fish cages at sea by fishermen. - Industry associated with port: The research in the field of industry associated with port is quite little. Most notably is the book “30 years of Ha Long Shipyard” (2007). The book summarizes 11 the history of 30 years (1976-2006) of the Ha Long shipyard in the picture and article recorded material products, the production model of the shipyard beginning a port industry support, contributing to marine economic development. - Sea transport: Articles, research mainly focused on the Cai Lan port. Transportation Journal, No. 5, 2005 article quoted “Investment Cai Lan port expansion to meet the trend of development and international economic integration” by Lan Anh. Transportation Journal, No. 10, 2005, has post “Rent infrastructure Cai Lan what is and is not” The article revolves around the problem of assessing the situation lease at Cai Lan port infrastructure, achievements, and problems exist. The article also points out the cause of the weaknesses. - Documents directly related to the maritime economy of Halong City with book “Halong Bay and human life: development and conservation issues” of authors David Brown, Vu Thi Hang, Cao Thi Mai. This is a picture book only preliminary studies overview Halong maritime economy. In short, the economic literature about the sea in Halong focus on sectors of the maritime economy. Synthetic posts on marine economy is little, if any writing is often a simple introductory writing, not deep research. 3. Research objects, tasks and scopes of thesis • Research objects Economic research thesis focused sea of Halong city. That is problem related to the potential, the economic development situation of the city''s sea. Impact analysis, the impact from the policies of the Party and the state, the process of urbanization and industrialization in Ha Long to integrated development of marine economy. • Objectives of theme Research objectives of the thesis is to clarify the potential, actual development of marine economy in Ha Long city. Based on that evaluation to the analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, challenges and give 12 orientations and measures to promote the sustainable development of marine economy Halong. • The task of thesis To achieve the above objectives, the thesis has the following tasks: - systematizing theoretical and practical foundations to make the identification, analysis and evaluation of the economic potential sea of Ha Long - Analysis and assessment of the status of marine economic development in Halong - Provide direction and propose solutions and recommendations to promote marine economy development Halong in order to commensurate to the potential and the position of the city, at the same time towards sustainable development and protection of waters environment. • Scope of research + Range of content: marine economy is a form of general economy include: marine economy, coastal, island economy. Thesis only focuses on marine economy and coastal of city + Space: sea area and coastal of Ha Long city + About time: dissertation data collection, and research papers from 2000 to date to analyze and evaluate the situation marine economic development of Ha Long. + Scope to reach: the study of marine economy in Halong city is an interesting topic that can be looked at many different angles as: economics, geography, tourism, etc. In of this thesis, the author study marine economy under view of a researcher about a field of Vietnamese studies major. So, in this work will have an overview of a system, regional approach and research problems in interdisciplinary methods. 4. Methodologies • Area studies approach Things and phenomena are spatial differentiation, making them the difference between this place and other places. Besides, the things, the phenomenon in an area relationships always in close contact with each other. Ha Long maritime 13 economy itself is a complete whole, has difference with other marine economic zones due to differences in geographical and natural conditions. However, the study of marine economy in Ha Long city inseparable marine economy of Quang Ninh, the Gulf of Tonkin and the country. Therefore, this approach allows the thesis has both look overview and distinctive look in marine research economic issues. Moreover, the approach point allows the thesis using interdisciplinary scientific research to study a space in which residents (cultural space where the socio-economic activities, where producing institutions), aimed at general cognitive evaluation research problem. • Interdisciplinary approach This view was widely used in the research process. Marine economy is part of the economy in general. It has relationships with many other sciences and within the maritime economy has many small branches sticking together. So, when we have to study the question of the mutual relationship and interaction of the elements to create a complete system. To do this you need to have an interdisciplinary approach, ie use the views, research results and methods of other disciplines such as: economics, geography, tourism, history for the study of marine economy in Halong. • Sustainable development perspective Marine economic development is extremely sensitive issue, and there are two side effects. A marine economic contribution to the economic development. On the other hand, the marine economic development will cause impact on natural resources and the marine environment. Therefore, the research problems of the sea must be based on economic and ecological sustainable development. Sustainable development has become the goal of socio-economic development of most countries in the world. Therefore, the marine economic development must go parallel with the rational use and protection of renewable natural resources, against the risk of environmental pollution. On the other hand, development of marine economy harmony with progress and social justice in order to improve the quality of life of the people. 14 5. Research methods 5.1. Actual survey methods and interview Actual survey method is a traditional method of Geography widely used in the study of problems of natural geography, the socio-economic order to the actual collection of documents related to the formation and development. In the course of implementation of the subject, the author has used this method to examine the potential and actual situation of the marine economic sectors. Interviewing (sociological investigation) has an especially important role in the study of marine economy because of the social nature of the research object. Most common method is to consult (directly or indirectly through the questionnaire), personal observation...At this thesis, the author has investigated economic sociology of the sea on the two object main is aquaculture of households in floating houses at Cua Van fishing village and domestic tourists to Ha Long. Survey of households aquaculture on floating houses emitted 102 votes, and collected back 100 votes. The number of questionnaires domestic tourists is 105 votes, and collected back 102 votes. In addition, the author interviews three families aquaculture in Cua Van fishing village, including: the family of Mr.Nguyen Van Cho, Nguyen Van Quy and Duong Van Thang. 5.2. Method diagrams, maps On the basis of statistical data, the thesis built into the tables, charts, diagrams. This is actual base to demonstrate the theoretical and practical problems. In fact, this approach also contributes to solving research content such as resource assessment, sectoral analysis of the current state and territory...Using this method makes the problem more comprehensive research, particular more and more intuitive. 5.3. SWOT analysis method SWOT analysis is a quite effective method used in the study of marine economy. SWOT analysis (SWOT Analysis) is a powerful analytical technique to identify “strengths” and “weaknesses” from which to find “opportunities” and “risk”. Strengths and weaknesses are often derived from internal economic sea of Halong city. Opportunities and risks usually related to external factors. SWOT 15 analysis was to assess the advantages and disadvantages of the problem. When using it to analyze the problem by asking yourself questions about the “well – advantages” and “bad-cons” for the present and the future. SWOT analysis is an important tool in the study of marine economy, so it has ability to overarching large for this research field. 5.4. Method comparison and analysis - synthesis This thesis using comparable methods to marine economic comparison purposes in different times, so that as a basis for making accurate assessment of the current state of development of marine economy. At the same time, compared to the region and neighboring areas. Analysis - synthesis methods to analyze the phenomenon, the situation of economy. Then develop become to the concepts, categories, theoretical issues in accordance with the thesis. Besides, in the course of research the application of analysis - synthesis methods more efficient. Because based on the analysis of available documents and data, the actual document will help us have a more comprehensive view of the field of marine economy. At the same time, will draw the most comprehensive content to meet the tasks and objectives set by the subject. 6. The contribution of the thesis Through theoretical and practical studies, thesis showed that the difference between the potential and the situation development of marine economy in Ha Long city. Then making orientation and optimal solution to develop effective and sustainable marine economy in Halong. This thesis is the basis for the policy makers, managers can give orientation, direction, strategies to towards sustainable development of marine economy in Halong. The results of the thesis research will contribute to the construction of scientific evidence on the development of marine economy in a locality, is the basis for the experts and scholars research analysis, recommend policies sustainable development of marine economy in the context of international economic integration of Vietnam. 16